{"id":14191,"date":"2023-10-06T17:28:36","date_gmt":"2023-10-06T08:28:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/?post_type=news&p=14191"},"modified":"2023-10-10T12:17:42","modified_gmt":"2023-10-10T03:17:42","slug":"%e3%80%90%e3%82%a4%e3%83%99%e3%83%b3%e3%83%88%e3%83%ac%e3%83%9d%e3%83%bc%e3%83%88%e3%82%92%e6%8e%b2%e8%bc%89%e3%80%91%e3%83%81%e3%82%a7%e3%83%ac%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b3%e3%83%95%e5%ae%87%e5%ae%99%e3%82%ac","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/www.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/en\/news\/14191\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Event Report\u3011Daniela Hadasch, ICRR Assistant Professor Talks about High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy at ICRR Science Caf\u00e9 in Tamarokuto Science Center"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Daniela Hadasch, ICRR Assistant Professor, who belongs to the High Energy Gamma Ray Group, made a presentation on September 3, 2023, at Science Caf\u00e9 in Tamarokuto Science Center (TSC). She talked about High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy and 33 people attended to listen to her both onsite and online by Zoom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ICRR Science Caf\u00e9 in TSC is organized once or twice a year to promote scientific results of ICRR under the PR Collaboration Agreement signed in 2015. In 2020, we had to hold it online by Zoom due to COVID-19 pandemic, but from 2022 we began to accept a limited number of participants with online option. This time, ICRR Science Caf\u00e9 in TSC was held in English for the first time, hosted by Yuichi Takayanagi, TSC Director.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Science Caf\u00e9 in TSC\u2019s science study room held in hybrid style.<\/strong><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Dr. Daniela Hadasch was born and grew up in Hagen, Germany, and got the PhD degree at Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain. She has been in Japan for 9 years since she got a post-doctoral researcher position of ICRR in 2014, and 4 years later, promoted to a project assistant professor. And in January last year, she got permanent position as an assistant professor in ICRR and at the same time, The University of Tokyo selected her as Excellent Young Researcher. In ICRR, she belongs to the High Energy Gamma Ray Group and making intensive research with observing telescopes, CTA LST-1 and MAGIC which are located on La Palma, Canary Island in Spain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

How did we find Cosmic Rays?<\/strong><\/strong>\u3000A tennis ball falling at 90km\/h<\/strong> !?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

After mentioned the big picture of the Universe and the actual location of the Earth, she explained the very tiny world of atoms, molecules, radiation and cosmic rays. \u201cAbout 110 years ago, people were thinking that radiation is coming from the earth, but the Austrian physicist, Victor Hess, did a very famous Balloon experiment. He took some measurement instruments into his balloon and went up. He expected the radiation goes down if he went away from the earth. But actually, he measured that it goes the other way around. Therefore, the theory that radiation coming from the earth was rejected. Radiation comes from the universe, the outer space. For this finding, Victor Hess received the Nobel Prize in 1939. It was a big discovery.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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She explained that cosmic rays are mostly made of protons (90%) and the energy spectrum observed so far shows that the higher the energy, the lower the flux. On the top of that, describing a cosmic ray as a tennis ball, she told the audience, \u201cImagine a tennis ball moving at the speed of 90 km per hour, it has the same energy as a cosmic ray with 1020<\/sup>eV which might be coming from the outer space. \u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The primary cosmic rays which include such ultra-high energy cosmic rays are thought to be dangerous to human because they will destroy atoms, which cause cancer and any other diseases. But they do not reach the earth because our atmosphere protects us by absorbing such dangerous cosmic rays, producing air showers containing lower energy radiation which cascade towards the earth. Then she talked about the reason why she observes gamma rays, \u201cWe can\u2019t see beautiful milky way by cosmic rays. Because they are electrically charged particles which are easily bent many times by electromagnetic fields in the galaxies. So we can\u2019t say where they were coming from. But gamma rays are not electrically charged as well as other electromagnetic waves (light) and cosmic rays and gamma rays are thought to have same sources. That\u2019s why we observe gamma rays to solve the 110-year mystery of the sources of cosmic rays.\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Assistant Prof. Hadasch Daniela presenting at the TSC.<\/strong><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Also she suggested the significance of multi-messenger astronomy by showing different pictures of our Milky Way using multi-wavelength observation; Gamma-ray, X-ray, optical, infrared, radio continuum, etc. As sources of gamma rays, she showcased the Crab Nebula and Active Galactic Nuclei in the long distance, with saying \u201cThis is one of the good examples to see how important it is to study stars at different wavelengths. So, it is not enough just looking at the visible light to really understand the object. You need the whole range of energy.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

How to observe gamma rays from the Earth surface?<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

High energy radiations including gamma rays hit the atmosphere and produce air showers which cascade towards the earth. At this moment, \u201cCherenkov Radiations<\/s>\u201d is produced alongside the air shower. She explained how they are produced, saying \u201cProtons, electrons and muons are moving faster than the speed of light in the atmosphere. Because of this high velocity, Cherenkov radiation is produced in the atmosphere. These are blue, very faint and short light flashes, which can be detected by ground-based Cherenkov telescopes such as MAGIC and CTA LST-1.\u201d She compared its mechanism as ripples in a pond created by a waterfowl or shock waves in the sky produced by a jet fighter. And she explained in detail, showing simulation movies of air showers created by some kinds of particles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Slides she used to explain how cosmic rays produce Cherenkov radiation.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

This Cherenkov light is very faint and can be observed only by special telescopes. She said that technologies used in the telescope is high-end and very expensive. Moreover, problem of \u201clight pollution\u201d makes it difficult to find right spots for observation. So we have only three telescope alley spots in the world; VERITAS in USA, H.E.S.S. in Namibia and MAGIC on La Palma in Canary Island, Spain, which she has been working on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On La Palma, the special law of sky was established in 1988 to prohibit people to use usual streetlights. Only special, orange-colored lights are allowed there, which are easily filtered and don\u2019t disturb the astronomical observations. She added, \u201cLa Palma is specially protected so that you have nice astronomical observation. And many other telescopes were installed there.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cherenkov telescopes on La Palma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Chernkov telescopes on La Palma standing against beautiful stars and Milky Way<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

She showed slides which contained two pictures of inside of the \u201ccounting house\u201d next to the MAGIC in both 2003 and 2023, a tape cutting scene at the inauguration ceremony for LST-1, and montage-photos of the future CTA with new 100 telescopes installed in both northern and southern hemisphere sites. She added, \u201cIn the northern site in La Palma, we can nicely see the universe. LST-1 is already working there. This year or next year, other three big telescopes will come. Hopefully, 3 or 4 years later, we will have more telescopes in La Palma. In the southern site in Chile, we can nicely see our galactic plane. We will build 4 big telescopes and many small ones there. But we haven\u2019t started yet. ICRR belongs to the Japan CTA group in charge of building big telescopes. We are producing mirrors and cameras for them and ship them to La Palma.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Showing a time-laps video featuring continuous observation through one night of LST-1 and another movie on how to build LST-1, she explained, \u201cOur telescope is moving and following the sources. Actually the sky at night is very bright and if you walk around, you can see the shadow only because of the light the milky way.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Visualizing cosmic rays everywhere around us by Spark Chamb<\/strong>er<\/strong>\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She returned to the topics on cosmic rays everywhere around us and said, \u201cWe can measure radiation here in this Institute by what we call Spark Chamber. Spark Chamber consists of two Scintillators, one is on the top, the other is on the bottom, and it is filled with gas: usually helium or neon. The moment when charged particles are going through the chamber and ionizing gas inside, we are applying high voltage. This high voltage makes a spark along the track of the charged particles. High voltage is applied only if the scintillator 1(top) and scintillator 2 (bottom) is detecting the charged particles.\u201d Participants came close to the Spark Chamber in turn to observe sparks appearing one after another.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Dr. Hadasch explaining on how the Spark Chamber works at the exhibition hall in TSC.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Answering many questions courteously<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the final question time, participants asked her many questions; \u201cYou told us that you observe Cherenkov radiation produced by the interaction between gamma ray and atmosphere. Is this observation affected by the air pollution? \u201d, \u201dWhat kind of clock do you use when you detect Cherenkov radiation produced by gamma rays? \u201d, \u201cWhy don\u2019t you detect gamma rays during day time? \u201d, \u201cWhy do you observe gamma rays by Cherenkov telescope on the earth, not by artificial satellites in the outer space? \u201d Dr. Hadasch answered courteously each question.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Dr.Hadasch listening to the question during the session<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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One of the participants making a question after the session<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Related LINK & Website News (in Japanese only)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u30fbCherenkoc Telescope Array<\/a>
\u30fb2023\u5e746\u670823\u65e5 \u3010\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3011\u6587\u90e8\u79d1\u5b66\u5927\u81e3\u8868\u5f70\u30fb\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u8853\u8cde\u3092\u53d7\u8cde\u3057\u305f\u624b\u5d8b\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\u304c\u8a18\u5ff5\u8b1b\u6f14 \u300c\u5927\u53e3\u5f84\u30c1\u30a7\u30ec\u30f3\u30b3\u30d5\u671b\u9060\u93e1\u306e\u958b\u767a\u3068\u30ac\u30f3\u30de\u7dda\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u300d<\/a>
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\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Daniela Hadasch, ICRR Assistant Professor, who belongs to the High Energy Gamma Ray Group, made a presentation…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":14180,"parent":0,"template":"","taxo_news":[18],"tag_news":[],"class_list":["post-14191","news","type-news","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","taxo_news-topics","en-US"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news\/14191","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/news"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14180"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14191"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"taxo_news","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/taxo_news?post=14191"},{"taxonomy":"tag_news","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag_news?post=14191"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}